# Local extraction note — NEFDB Phase 4 (Waste & Water)

## Scope
Mine locally stored Nigeria-specific documents for inputs to the Waste & Water emission-factor module. No web searching was performed.

## Files changed
1. `datasets/waste_water/derived/nigeria_waste_water_inputs.csv` — new parameter file with 69 extracted values.
2. `datasets/waste_water/derived/msw_composition_nigeria.csv` — appended 1 national literature-average row.
3. This note.

## Parameters found (with source)

### Municipal solid waste — generation and management
- **National generation**: 0.50 kg/capita/day, ~36 million tonnes/year (BUR2 Executive Summary, line 985, NBS 2019 personal communication).
- **Generation range**: 0.44–0.66 kg/capita/day widely cited for Nigeria (Environ-09-02-11.md, lines 137, 165–166).
- **Total national MSW**: 22.4 million tonnes (2000) rising to 35.7 million tonnes (2017) derived from NIR1 Table 7.1.
- **Collection rate**: ~44% (BUR2; Environ repeats the same figure).
- **Disposal split**: NIR1 treats effectively all collected waste as going to unmanaged shallow dumps (<5 m), which was 40.7–43.9% of total MSW over 2000–2017.
- **Open burning**: 17.6% of generated MSW open-burned nationally/urban; 31.5% of uncollected MSW burned at source/dumps (Environ, Section 4.1).
- **Uncontrolled disposal**: 38.4% of generated MSW carelessly disposed to environment (Environ, Section 4.1).
- **Recycling / composting / managed sanitary landfill**: no reliable national fractions found; treated as negligible/NE.

### Municipal solid waste — composition
- Environ open-burning study gives a combustible-waste composition for Nigeria: food/green 61.8%, paper/cardboard 7.9%, textiles 3.3%, other 26.0%.
- Separate literature citation: food waste averages 50% of all MSW in Nigeria (Environ, line 137).
- Existing Lagos composition rows were retained.

### IPCC landfill parameters used in Nigerian inventories/studies
- Climate class: tropical wet (NIR1 Section 7.1 assumption).
- Decay constant k: 0.065 yr⁻¹ (dry season), 0.17 yr⁻¹ (wet season) — Lagos SWDS study defaults.
- Methane correction factor MCF: 0.4 for unmanaged shallow dumps (Lagos study + NIR1 default).
- Methane producing capacity / Bo (F): 0.5 (Lagos study default).
- Degradable-organic-carbon fraction DOCf: 0.5 (Lagos study default).
- Oxidation factor OX: 0 (Lagos study default).
- Open-burning oxidation efficiency: 0.58 (IPCC default applied by Environ).
- Combustible share of MSW: 80.6%; fossil-carbon share of combustible MSW: 14.3% (Environ).
- Lagos seasonal DOC values are recorded in the CSV with a unit caveat (the source reports "GgC/kgWaste", which is dimensionally inconsistent; likely intended as % or Gg C per site waste).

### Wastewater
- **Domestic BOD generation per capita**: ~36 g/person/day derived from NIR1 Table 7.4 TOW for 2017 (≈13.2 kg BOD/person/year).
- **Protein intake**: 70 kg/person/year in 2017 (NIR1 Table 7.4).
- **Treatment/discharge fractions**: NIR1 Table 7.5 gives rural/urban-high-income/urban-low-income splits for septic tank, latrine, sewer, other, none (IPCC 2006 Vol 5 Ch 6 regional defaults adopted for Nigeria).
- **WASHNORM 2021 (JMP)** national sanitation levels: safely managed 18%, basic 46%, limited 11%, unimproved 20%, open defecation 23%.
- **WASHNORM fecal-sludge practices**: 61% of households with pit/septic tanks never emptied; of those emptied, 11% dumped to water/open pit, 25% buried in covered pit, 17% taken to treatment facility.
- **Oke-Afa WWTP (Lagos)**: mean influent BOD5 127.5 mg/L, COD 206.3 mg/L, capacity inferred ~4,000 m³/day, serves >50,000 people.
- **Wupa STP (Abuja)**: designed for ~700,000 people, expansion capacity to 1,000,000.
- **Port Harcourt (city-level only)**: 90.5% flush-toilet coverage, 93% with underground containment, 7% direct drainage; Eagle Island plant capacity 1,000 m³/day.
- **Industrial wastewater**: NIR1 reports Not Estimated (NE) for industrial wastewater treatment/discharge (4.D.2).

## Remaining gaps
1. **Water-supply and wastewater-treatment electricity intensity (kWh/m³)** — no Nigeria- or Lagos-plant specific value was found in the local documents. IPCC 2019 Refinement / IEA global defaults or audited utility data will be needed.
2. **National/representative MSW composition by IPCC waste-type categories** — only Lagos (existing rows) and an urban/combustible-focused national estimate (Environ) are available. State- or national-scale characterisation remains a gap.
3. **Industrial wastewater BOD/COD generation and treatment shares** — NIR1 does not estimate this; no local industry-specific data were found.
4. **Managed sanitary-landfill fraction / engineered landfill gas capture** — nationally negligible, but future IWMP PPP projects may change this.
5. **Nigeria-specific DOC, MCF, Bo values** — NIR1 uses IPCC tropical-wet defaults; Lagos study provides the only local application. Country-specific measured values are not available.

## Recommended IPCC defaults still needed
- IPCC 2019 Refinement Tables for tropical wet climate: DOC values by waste type, MCF by disposal type, Bo by climate, oxidation factor.
- IPCC 2006 Vol 5 Ch 6 default BOD generation and treatment-pathway factors where no Nigeria data exist.
- IEA / IPCC water-sector energy intensity defaults for water supply and wastewater treatment.